Impressive fact ab0ut s0und!!

Sound surrounds us all the time. You may awaken in the morning to the sound of an alarm clock or Dad snoring. During the day you may hear the cacophony of auto traffic or the hustle and bustle of city life. But all sounds have one thing in common. They are formed by the movement or vibration of an object.


The sounds we hear every day are formed by the vibration or movement of air. Basically what happens is sound makes tiny particles in the air, called molecules, bump into each other. The molecules bump into each other compressing and then expanding to cause the wave to move like a falling column of dominos. This vibration of molecules is passed from molecule to molecule until it reaches our ears where we then 'hear' the vibrating air.

In this experiment, we'll demonstrate how this phenomena occurs. Using nothing more than marbles, we'll see how a sound wave can pass from molecule to molecule...

Take 4 marbles and line them up in a straight line on a table or other flat surface. Make sure the marbles are all touching.

Take a 5th marble and thump it so it hits one of the end marbles.

One by one, each marble will hit the other marble passing its energy down the line. When the last marble receives this energy, it will roll away leaving all the other marbles in their original positions. This passing of energy from marble to marble closely mimics the way a sound wave is produced.

Interesting Note. Since sound is caused by the vibration of an object it stands to reason that there must be some object for sound to exist. Hence, in the empty realm of outer space - there is no sound.

Parent's Note. The number of condensations or rarefactions produced by a vibrating object each second is called the frequency of the sound waves. The more rapidly an object vibrates, the higher will be the frequency. Scientists use a unit called the hertz to measure frequency. One hertz equals one cycle (vibration) per second. As the frequency of sound waves increases, the wavelength decreases. Wavelength is the distance between any point on one wave and the corresponding point on the next one.

Most people can hear sounds with frequencies from about 20 to 20,000 hertz. Bats, dogs, and many other kinds of animals can hear sounds with frequencies far above 20,000 hertz. Different sounds have different frequencies. For example, the sound of jingling keys ranges from 700 to 15,000 hertz. A person's voice can produce frequencies from 85 to 1,100 hertz. The tones of a piano have frequencies ranging from about 30 to 15,000 hertz.

taken from here

Diction

choice of words, especially with regard to correctness, clearness, or effectiveness. Any of the four generally accepted levels of diction-formal, informal, colloquial, or slang-may be correct in a particular context but incorrect in another or when mixed unintentionally. Most ideas have a number of alternate words that the writer can select to suit his purposes. "Children," "kids," "youngsters," "youths," and "brats," for example, all have different evocative values

Taken from here

Example:

Diction will be effective only when the words you choose are appropriate for the audience and purpose, when they convey your message accurately and comfortably. The idea of comfort may seem out of place in connection with diction, but, in fact, words can sometimes cause the reader to feel uncomfortable. You've probably experienced such feelings yourself as a listener--hearing a speaker whose words for one reason or another strike you as inappropriate."


(Martha Kolln, Rhetorical Grammar. Allyn and Bacon, 1999)
 
Taken from here

Stylistic Techniques

I. Dress-Up




1. who-which clause
2. "ly"
3. because clause
4. strong verb
5. quality adjective
6. when, while, where, as, since, if, although clause



II. Sentence Openers



1. subject
2. prepositional
3. "ly"
4. "ing"
5. clausal
6. vss



(Advanced: @ "ed")



Minimum Rule: Each one in every paragraph as possible, no more than two of the same in a row.



III. Decorations



1. question 4. dramatic opening - closing
2. conversation 5. simile - metaphor
3. 3sss 6. alliteration



IV. Sentence Styles: Triple Extensions



1. word repetition
2. phrase & clausal repetition
3. repeating "ings" consecutive or spaced
4. repeating "lys" consecutive or spaced
5. repeating adjectives or nouns

6. repeating verbs consecutive or spaced

Taken from here

Connotative Meaning

Connotative Meaning is the meaning of a symbol that is personal to an individual and not shared. For example, when I was a young child, my father was the warden of a small 3 cell prison located in the Montana wasteland near the Canadian border.

Taken from here

Denotative Meaning

Denotative Meaning is the meaning of an symbol that is shared by a group of people. If you say the word,"dog," most English speakers will point to the same type of animal. Denotative meaning is what makes symbols work for communication.

Taken from here

Rhetorical devices

Rhetorical devices and literary techniques are closely related to tone and style. In fact, an author’s style partly consists of selecting and using certain devices; an author’s tone is partially determined by the type of techniques an author uses.

Taken from here

Distinction

1: Determination
    -how do we built strength in ourselves to overcome with each obstacle outside the barrier.This strength is built with values 2:Readiness

2: Readiness
     -faced with obstacle require precise readiness of mentality and physical.This readiness will rise sense to explore,dive and throughly understand each obstacle the challenger so that succesful solution is formed.However to form solution that to our favor needed values 3:Willingness

3: Willingness
      -solution for each obstacle has value of sacrifice that we need to through it with willingness and ready.
When we ready to go through and know what to sacrifice to achieve solutions to obstacle that the challenger so values 4:Acceptance play an important role.

4: Acceptance
       -acceptance of things that need to sacrifice to achieve solution of the obstacle will facilitate our mental and physical to shape our readiness through obstacle.To receive these situations we need to realize where we are and what we would expect so that values 5:Sense of belonging can be formed in ourselves.

5: Sense of belonging
       -shape the values owning and be owned will make mind and physical stronger and more robust.This value will be formed when we can create value 1 to value 4.This process will strenghten ourselves to support and further develop the network in the life consisting of friends and family members.This value will also put us in a safe zone for us to deal with obstacle that challenger.

Once we control all these values,then we can form distinction value in ourselves...

5 values of Qwertyuiop...

1. Determination
2. Readiness
3. Willingness
4. Acceptance
5. Sense of belonging

daily log..

today i'm too bored..
just sit at home and waiting for meal...hahaha

today's log

i've woke up late today...
but fortunate to me that i still had time to pray..
i've plan to go to my friend's school...

HOMEWORK^^

homework..


-log:like a journal..

daily-have done@plan 2 do

-reflection:personal thoughts..

-interesting reading list:article/newspaper...give personal c0mment

Synopsis of Gulp and Gasp

Synopsis




This is one of twelve "Classic Spirals", from the established series for reluctant readers with a track record of over 25 years. It features dynamic plots and storylines, which encourage readers to pick them up again and again. It includes engaging themes without being immature or patronising and attractive cover designs in new paperback style binding are designed to motivate pupils. Short but substantial chapters are provided to give a sense of achievement in reading whole texts. Clearly laid out text, without illustrations and activities, encourages focus on reading and enables low achievers to improve at their own pace.
 
taken from here

Elements of drama

Character




Most simply a character is one of the persons who appears in the play, one of the dramatis personae (literally, the persons of the play). In another sense of the term, the treatment of the character is the basic part of the playwright's work. Conventions of the period and the author's personal vision will affect the treatment of character.



Most plays contain major characters and minor characters. The delineation and development of major characters is essential to the play; the conflict between Hamlet and Claudius depends upon the character of each. A minor character like Marcellus serves a specific function, to inform Hamlet of the appearance of his father's ghost. Once, that is done, he can depart in peace, for we need not know what sort of person he is or what happens to him. The distinction between major and minor characters is one of degree, as the character of Horatio might illustrate.



The distinction between heroes (or heroines) and villains, between good guys and bad guys, between virtue and vice is useful in dealing with certain types of plays, but in many modern plays (and some not so modern) it is difficult to make. Is Gregers Werle in The Wild Duck, for example, a hero or a villain?



Another common term in drama is protagonist. Etymologically, it means the first contestant. In the Greek drama, where the term arose, all the parts were played by one, two, or three actors (the more actors, the later the play), and the best actor, who got the principal part(s), was the protagonist. The second best actor was called the euteragonist. Ideally, the term "protagonist" should be used only for the principal character. Several other characters can be defined by their relation to the protagonist. The antagonist is his principal rival in the conflict set forth in the play. A foil is a character who defines certain characteristics in the protagonist by exhibiting opposite traits or the same traits in a greater or lesser degree. A confidant(e) provides a ready ear to which the protagonist can address certain remarks which should be heard by the audience but not by the other characters. In Hamlet, for example, Hamlet is the protagonist, Claudius the antagonist, Laertes and Fortinbras foils (observe the way in which each goes about avenging the death or loss of property of his father), and Horatio the confidant.



Certain writers-- for example, Moliere and Pirandello--use a character type called the raisonneur, whose comments express the voice of reason and also, presumably, of the author. Philinte and the Father are examples of the raisonneur.



Another type of character is the stereotype or stock character, a character who reappears in various forms in many plays. Comedy is particularly a fruitful source of such figures, including the miles gloriosus or boastful soldier (a man who claims great valor but proves to be a coward when tested), the irascible old man (the source of elements in the character of Polonius), the witty servant, the coquette, the prude, the fop, and others. A stock character from another genre is the revenger of Renaissance tragedy. The role of Hamlet demonstrates how such a stereotype is modified by an author to create a great role, combining the stock elements with individual ones.



Sometimes group of actors work together over a long period in relatively stable companies. In such a situation, individual members of the group develop expertise in roles of a certain type, such as leading man and leading lady (those who play the principal parts), juveniles or ingénues of both sexes (those who specialize as young people), character actors (those who perform mature or eccentric types), and heavies or villains.



The commedia dell'arte, a popular form of the late Middle Ages and early Renaissance, employed actors who had standard lines of business and improvised the particular action in terms of their established characters and a sketchy outline of a plot. Frequently, Pantalone, an older man, generally a physician, was married to a young woman named Columbine. Her lover, Harlequin, was not only younger and more handsome than her husband but also more vigorous sexually. Pantalone's servants, Brighella, Truffaldino, and others, were employed in frustrating or assisting either the lovers in their meetings or the husband in discovering them.



A group of actors who function as a unit, called a chorus, was a characteristic feature of the Greek tragedy. The members of the chorus shared a common identity, such as Asian Bacchantes or old men of Thebes. The choragos (leader of the chorus) sometimes spoke and acted separately. In some of the plays, the chorus participated directly in the action; in others they were restricted in observing the action and commenting on it. The chorus also separated the individual sins by singing and dancing choral odes, though just what the singing and dancing were like is uncertain. The odes were in strict metrical patterns; sometimes they were direct comments on the action and characters, and at other times they were more general statements and judgments. A chorus in Greek fashion is not common in later plays, although there are instances such as T.S. Eliot's Murder in the Cathedral, in which the Women of Canterbury serve as a chorus.



On occasion a single actor may perform the function of a chorus, as do the aptly named Chorus in Shakespeare's Henry V and the Stage Manager in Thornton Wilder's Our Town. Alfieri in the View from the Bridge functions both as a chorus and a minor character in the action of the play.



Reference:



The Norton Introduction to Literature (Combined Shorter Edition) Edited by Carl E. Bain, Jerome Beaty & J. Paul Hunter Copyright 1973 by W. W. Norton & Company, Inc. and published simultaneously in Canada by Goerge J. McLeod Limited, Toronto



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taken from here

Another element of drama

Taken from here

Boolean search

What is Boolean Search?

Boolean searches allow you to combine words and phrases using the words AND, OR, NOT and NEAR (otherwise known as Boolean operators) to limit, widen, or define your search. Most Internet search engines and Web directories default to these Boolean search parameters anyway, but a good Web searcher should know how to use basic Boolean operators.

Taken from here

Summary Of Fruitcake Special

A chemist woman who works at the Amos cosmetics factory in New Jersey, USA trying to discover a new perfume. One day she threw her fruitcake which was her lunch in to the mix with all the other things. It smells wonderful so she tried it on her. Not too long, her boss who is a handsome English guy never saying nice thing to ordinary girl like her asked her to have a dinner with him. That would be because of fruitcake. Her boss always lost control of himself when he smelt that perfume. If does not put it on her, he will not be attractive anymore.

TAKEN FROM HERE

Sypnopsis Of Fruitcake Special

you can find the synopsis from here

Reflection

Plagiarism is theft of another person's writings or ideas. Generally, it occurs when someone steals expressions from another author's composition and makes them appear to be his own work. Plagiarism is not a legal term; however, it is often used in lawsuits. Courts recognize acts of plagiarism as violations of Copyright law, specifically as the theft of another person's Intellectual Property. Because copyright law allows a variety of creative works to be registered as the property of their owners, lawsuits alleging plagiarism can be based on the appropriation of any form of writing, music, and visual images.


Plagiarism can take a broad range of forms. At its simplest and most extreme, plagiarism involves putting one's own name on someoneelse's work; this is commonly seen in schools when a student submits a paper that someone else has written. Schools, colleges, and universities usually have explicit guidelines for reviewing and punishing plagiarism by students and faculty members. In copyright lawsuits, however, allegations of plagiarism are more often based on partial theft. It is not necessary to exactly duplicate another's work in order to infringe a copyright: it is sufficient to take a substantial portion of the copyrighted material. Thus, for example, plagiarism can include copying language or ideas from another novelist, basing a new song in large part on another's musical composition, or copying another artist's drawing or photograph.

Courts and juries have a difficult time determining when unlawful copying has occurred. One thing the plaintiff must show is that the alleged plagiarist had access to the copyrighted work. Such evidence might include a showing that the plaintiff sent the work to the defendant in an attempt to sell it or that the work was publicly available and widely disseminated.

Once access is proven, the plaintiff must show that the alleged plagiarism is based on a substantial similarity between the two works. In Abkco Music, Inc. v. Harrisongs Music, Ltd., 722 F.2d 988 (2d Cir 1983), the Second Circuit Court of Appeals found "unconscious" infringement by the musician George Harrison, whose song "My Sweet Lord"was, by his own admission, strikingly similar to the plaintiff's song, "He's So Fine." Establishing a substantial similarity can be quite difficult as it is essentially a subjective process.

Not every unauthorized taking of another's work constitutes plagiarism. Exceptions are made under copyright law for so-called fair use, as in the case of quoting a limited portion of a published work or mimicking it closely for purposes of Parody and satire. Furthermore, similarity alone is not proof of plagiarism. Courts recognize that similar creative inspiration may occur simultaneously in two or more people. In Hollywood, for example, where well-established conventions govern filmmaking, this conventionality often leads to similar work. As early as 1942, in O'Rourke v. RKO Radio Pictures, 44 F. Supp. 480, the Massachusetts District Court ruled against a screenwriter who alleged that a movie studio had stolen parts of his unproduced screenplay Girls' Reformatory for its film Condemned Women. The court noted that the similar plot details in both stories—prison riots, escapes, and love affairs between inmates and officials—might easily be coincidental.

Sometimes the question is one of proper attribution. In January 2002, two highly regarded historians, Stephen Ambrose and Doris Kearns Goodwin, were accused of plagiarism in The Weekly Standard. The magazine revealed that Ambrose (who died in October 2002) took passages from another author's work and used them in his 2001 book The Wild Blue, while Goodwin used passages from several authors in her 1987 book The Fitzgeralds and the Kennedys. Both authors apologized, acknowledging that they had erred and adding that their failure to provide proper attribution was completely inadvertent. Goodwin went so far as to address her mistakes in an essay in Time magazine. They agreed to correct the problem in future editions of the books in question. While some of their colleagues accepted the explanation, others questioned whether authors of such talent and prominence were in fact being disingenuous considering that both had borrowed numerous passages, not just one or two.

The Internet has added a new layer to the question of plagiarism, particularly among high school and college students. In the mid-1990s a number of Web sites cropped up that offered term papers, thesis papers, and dissertations for sale. These "paper mills" make it easy for students to purchase papers instead of writing their own. (The fact that many of the papers being sold are poorly written and minimally researched is apparently of little concern.) A similarly egregious problem results from the wide array of legitimate reports many Web sites make available on the Internet for research purposes. Unscrupulous students with a computer can easily copy large blocks of these reports and paste them into their own papers. Anecdotal evidence suggests that while the ease of copying information has not led to a dramatic increase in plagiarism among honest students, those who have already cheated are likely to make frequent use of electronic resources to continue cheating. Students who use the "copy-and-paste" writing method are being thwarted by instructors who simply type questionable phrases into search engines; if the passage exists in another paper, the search engine will probably find it.

Further readings

key words

theme
plot
summary
synopsis
literature review
by author(Vivein Alcock)

Sypnopsis Of Qwertyuiop

you can find the synopsis from here

My path to my First blog

20/1...
the date that i've create my own blog..
it's make me very happy..
so that i want to thank you to my english teacher because allow me
to do it..